塔里木盆地油气成藏模式及新区新领域勘探方向分析

Reservoir Forming Patterns and Exploration Analysis of New Area and New Field in Tarim Basin

塔里木盆地多旋回、不均衡构造运动和沉积演化导致油气成藏和分布非常复杂,近年来随着局部地区地质认识的不断深入,有必要加强系统的成藏规律研究。据已发现油气藏的成藏特征可建立7种油气成藏模式,即前陆盐下挤压背斜气藏、前陆盐上构造—岩性残余油藏、前陆前缘斜坡构造—岩性油气藏、台盆古隆起碳酸盐岩风化壳—层间岩溶立体组合油气藏、台盆古隆起碎屑岩复合油藏、台盆长期斜坡浅层反转构造—岩性油气藏和台盆长期凸起深层构造—岩性残余油藏成藏模式。通过对不同构造区域和构造层的成藏模式特征及分布规律分析认为,除了库车坳陷、塔北隆起和塔中隆起是油气增储上产三大主战场外,塔西南坳陷、库车西秋里塔格地区、台盆区志留系—三叠系、盆地东部低凸起斜坡是下一步勘探的重要方向。

Because of the multicycle,unbalance of tectonic movement and sedimentary evolution,the reservoir forming and distribution is very complicate.In the past few years,with the growing knowledge of Tarim basin,it is necessary to strengthen the study of reservoir forming regularity.On the basis of proved reservoir forming characteristic,the reservoir forming pattern can be divided into seven types,including anticline gas reservoir from foreland subsalt compaction,structure-lithologic irreducible reservoir in foreland upsalt,structure-lithologic reservoir in foreland platform-basin folding area,carbonate weathered crust in platform-basin palaeohigh,interstratal karst stereoscopic combined reservoir in carbonate weathered crust,clastic combined reservoir in platform-basin palaeohigh,structure-lithologic reservoir inplatform-basin long-term palaeoslope reverse,structure-lithologic irreducible reservoir in platform-basin long term bulge deep layer.Through analysis of the reservoir forming pattern and distribution regularity in different structure area and structure layer,the paper point outs that Kuche depression,Tabei uplift and Tazhong uplift are the three main fields for increasing reserves and production.In addition,Taxinan depression,west Qiulitage,Silurian to Triassic Formation in the platform-basin area of Tarim basin and low bulge in the east of Tarim basin are the important target for further exploration.