药液表面张力与喷雾方法对雾滴在水稻植株上沉积的影响

Effects of Solution Surface Tension and Spray Methods on Deposition of Droplets on Rice Plants

以生物染料丽春红-G为示踪剂,采用比色法分析了药液表面张力及喷雾方法对雾滴在水稻植株上沉积的影响。结果表明,分蘖期、孕穗期、扬花期水稻叶片的临界表面张力值分别为34.46、34.36和34.33 mN/m。与喷洒清水对照相比,3个水稻生育期内喷洒添加有100 mg/L TX-10的丽春红-G溶液,单株水稻上的丽春红-G沉积率均有不同程度的增加,其中,手动喷雾器压顶喷雾分别增加了80.85%、29.80%和22.61%;弥雾机喷头下倾喷雾分别增加了50.83%、18.48%和31.07%。在相同的水稻生育期,喷洒相同表面张力的药液,弥雾机喷头下倾喷雾单株水稻上的丽春红-G沉积率均显著高于弥雾机漂移喷雾和手动喷雾器压顶喷雾。在稻田喷雾中,利用表面活性剂降低药液表面张力和采用弥雾机施药有助于提高雾滴在水稻植株上的沉积率。

By taking biological dye ponceau-G as tracer,the colorimetric method was adopted to analyze the effect of solution surface tension and spray methods on deposition rate of droplets on rice plants.The critical surface tensions of rice leaves at the tillering,booting and flowering stages were 34.46,34.36 and 34.33 mN/m,respectively.Contrasting with only spraying clean water,the increase of deposition rate of ponceau-G on single rice plant varied among the three growth stages after spraying the ponceau-G solution supplemental with 100 mg/L TX-10 on rice plants.The deposition rate by top spray method with a manual sprayer increased by 80.85%,29.80% and 22.61%,respectively.And the deposition rate by tilting spray method with a mist sprayer increased by 50.83%,18.48% and 31.07%,respectively.By spraying the solution with same surface tension on the plants at the same stages,the deposition rate of ponceau-G on single rice plant by tilting spray method with a mist sprayer was much higher than that by drifting spray method with a mist sprayer and by top spray method with a manual sprayer.It will help to increase the deposition rate of droplet on rice plants to adopt mist sprayer and surfactant which may reduce the surface tension of solution for spraying pesticide in paddy fields.