矿物法组合处理垃圾填埋场渗滤液的研究

A Study on the Treatment of Landfill Leachate by Using Combined Mineralogical Method

垃圾填埋场渗滤液水质复杂,危害性大,对其无害化处理尚未得到很好解决。研究发现,垃圾渗滤液中有机污染物可标识划分为亲水性和疏水性两大类物质。实验针对性采用亲水的天然膨润土处理亲水性有机物,疏水的有机膨润土处理疏水性有机物,再结合鸟粪石结晶法去除氨氮,从而获得一套处理中晚期垃圾渗滤液的经济高效的矿物法组合处理技术。采用GC-MS技术鉴定经矿物法处理后的垃圾渗滤液,亲水性和疏水性有机污染物的种类和含量都明显降低。检测进水与出水的COD、氨氮及重金属浓度这三项关键指标,垃圾渗滤液原液COD为2566 mg/L,氨氮3859 mg/L,重金属Hg为0.305 mg/L。矿物法组合处理后出水的COD为245mg/L,氨氮48 mg/L,重金属Hg未检出。矿物组合法为垃圾渗滤液的无害化处理提供了一条新的思路。

The components of the landfill leachate are very complex and harmful.How to disposal the leachate in a harmless and cost-effective manner has become a difficult international problem.The organic pollutants in the leachate could be divided into two categories： hydrophilic and hydrophobic organic substances.Hydrophilicity organic matters could be treated by using hydrophilic original bentonite,and hydrophobicity organic matters could be treated with hydrophobic organo-bentonite.Simultaneously,ammonia nitrogen could be treated with struvite crystallization.Therefore,the mineralogical method,which could deal with the metaphase and late leachate economically and efficiently,was employed.After treated with this method,both kinds and contents of hydrophilic and hydrophobic organic pollutants in the leachate were obviously reduced according to the test results with the help of gas chromatography-mass spectrometer（GC-MS） technology.Concentrations of chemical oxygen demand（COD）,ammonia nitrogen and heavy metal as three key criterions were tested in the influent and effluent water.In the influent leachate,the concentrations of COD,ammonia nitrogen,and heavy metal Hg were 2566 mg/L,3859 mg/L,and 0.305 mg/L,respectively.And after treated by mineralogical method,the the concentrations of COD,ammonia nitrogen,and heavy metal Hg were 245 mg/L,48 mg/L and below the test limit in the effluent,respectively.The mineralogical combined method has provided a new viewpoint for the innoxious disposal of landfill leachate.