论建国以来我国婚姻制度的创制与变迁——《婚姻法》与中国妇女家庭社会地位的变化

The Creation and Changes of Marriage Systems in New China——Law of Marriage and the Changes of Social Status of Chinese Women in the Family

婚姻制度与规定婚姻制度的《婚姻法》是现代社会文明的重要标志。1950年新中国第一部《婚姻法》的创制、执行与之后的历次修订,促进了中国妇女参与国家政治经济文化活动,提升了妇女的家庭与社会地位,实现了男女的和谐互动,增加了社会整体福利。这个历程也反映了制度变迁与社会变革的不同步性——制度设计可能超越时代,成为引领时代进步的旗帜,促成强制性制度变迁,也可能滞后于社会进步,在社会发展的推动下而发生改变,形成诱致性制度变迁。

Marriage institution and the Law of Marriage are indicators of the civilization degree in morden society.The creation of the Law of Marriage of the People＇s Republic of China（1950） and its recessions accelerate Chinese women to participate in political,economic and culture activities,step up their family and social status,realize the harmonious interaction of the two sex and increase the welfare of the whole society.This process reflects the disaccord between the systematic changing and social transition——the creation and design of institutions may transcend the times,which may cause a mandatory institutional changes which become an oriflamme of the direction of progress,or drop behind the times,cause an induced institutional changes which become an induced institutional change changed by society.