天津市老年人2型糖尿病流行病学调查

Epidemiological Investigation of Type 2 Diabetes in Old Age Population in Tianjin

目的:探讨天津市老年人2型糖尿病(T2DM)的患病情况并分析其可能影响因素。方法:选择天津市区和乡镇年龄≥60岁且居住≥5年的居民,按比例分层整群抽样抽取4325人,并对其进行问卷调查、空腹血糖检测及体格检查。采用Logistic回归分析T2DM危险因素。结果:老年人群的高血糖筛查阳性率为21.00%,糖尿病患病率为16.43%,以2000年第五次全国人口普查数据资料标化后筛查阳性率为20.26%,糖尿病患病率为16.15%,其中女性筛查阳性率、糖尿病患病率均高于男性。城市男女筛查阳性率、男性糖尿病患病率均高于农村,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。老年人T2DM发病的可疑危险因素包括体质量增加、糖尿病家族史、腰臀比增高和高血压;可疑保护因素包括新鲜蔬菜、水果的摄入量大(均P<0.05)。结论:天津市老年人T2DM患病率与国内其他大城市相似。体质量增加、糖尿病家族史、腰臀比增高和高血压可能是发病的危险因素,新鲜蔬菜和水果摄入量大可能为保护因素。

Objective：To investigate the prevalence of type 2 diabetes（T2DM） and its risk factors in old age population in Tianjin.Methods：The target population of urban and rural areas,aged ≥ 60 years and residents living ≥ 5 years,were selected.Using the multi-phasic stratified cluster sampling,4 325 residents were selected in Tianjin.The information of risk factors throughout face-to-face questionnaire,fasting blood glucose and testing physical examination were collected.Finally,unconditional multivariate logistic regression model was used to explore the risk factors for T2DM in old population.Results： The prevalence of T2DM based on the criterion of FBG≥6.1 mmol/L was 21.00%（standardized prevalance：20.26%）.The prevalence of T2DM which based on the criterion of FBG≥7.0 mmol/L was 16.43% （standardized prevalence： 16.15%）.And both of the prevalence was higher in female （P 〈 0.01）.Upon the examination,the prevalence of T2DM which based on the criterion of FBG≥6.1 mmol/L in male and female and the prevalence of T2DM in male which based on the criterion of FBG≥7.0 mmol/L were higher in urban group than those in rural group（P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）.The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that the risk factors for T2DM development in old population may include the increase in body weight,family history of diabetes,the increase in waist-hip ratio（WHR） and hypertension （P 〈 0.01）.The protective factors may include more fresh vegetables and fruits （P 〈 0.05）.Conclusion： The prevalence of T2DM in old population in Tianjin is similar to values of the other big cities in China.Analysis of influencing factors is mainly that increase of body weight,WHR,family history of diabetes and hypertension may be the risk factors,and intake of more fresh vegetables and fruits may be the protective factors.