桃花粉离体萌发和花粉管生长特性研究

Characteristics of Pollen Germination and Pollen Tube Growth of Peach in vitro

采用花粉离体萌发法研究不同培养基组分和培养条件对桃花粉萌发和花粉管生长的影响,同时对不同贮藏温度下的桃花粉寿命进行研究.结果表明:固体培养基与液体培养基对桃的花粉萌发率和花粉管长度影响差异不显著;10%蔗糖是大多数桃品种花粉的最适萌发条件;硼能提高桃花粉的萌发率,但对花粉管的生长没有促进作用;桃花粉在20℃～25℃的培养温度下萌发率最高,花粉管最长;桃花粉萌发率和花粉管长度在培养前3 h内上升最快,3～5 h上升趋势减弱,5 h后基本停止;随着贮藏温度的升高和贮藏时间的延长,花粉生活力呈降低的趋势.

The effects of medium components and culture conditions on pollen germination and tube growth in peach by cultivating pollens in medium were studied.Life span of pollen was also studied during the storage in different temperature ovens.It showed that：there was no difference between solid and liquid culture medium for pollen germination rate and pollen tube length;The medium with 10% sucrose was the optimum medium for pollen germination and tube growth for most peach varieties,while the boron had a positive effect on the pollen germination rate but no effect on the pollen tube length;20℃～25℃ was the optimum temperature for pollen germination and pollen tube growth;In the first 3 h stage of cultivation,the pollen germinate and growth quickly,in the second stage 3～5 h,the increase trend slowed down,and after 5 h,the increase trend to stop;The pollen activity was decreased with the store temperature and time increase.