深圳市气传花粉调查分析

Survey on air spread pollens in Shenzhen.

目的对深圳市区空气中气传花粉的种类分布及其飘散情况进行调查,分析本地区致敏气传花粉的主要种类,为防治气传花粉所导致的变应性疾病及本地区城市绿化品种的选择提供资料。方法在深圳市福田区儿童医院设点,于6米高度放置花粉采集器,将涂有软凡士林粘附剂的25.4 mm×76.2 mm×1 mm的载玻片,放置于花粉采集器内,每24小时更换载玻片,连续一年时间,用甘油胶染色,光镜下观察花粉的种类及数量,并进行记录。全年共曝片357张,丢失7张,破损1张。结果深圳全年均有花粉飘散,曝片共识别花粉26种,9 432粒。3～5月为高峰,曝片见花粉5 955粒,占全年总数63.14%,12月~1月最少,曝片见仅见花粉127粒,占全年总数1.35%。播散花粉中木麻黄花粉数量最多,4 382粒,占全年总数46.46%,3～4月为高峰期,除6～8月未见播散外,其余时间均有不同数量出现;其次为苏木科花粉,1 897粒,占全年总数20.11%。结论深圳市全年均有气传花粉播散,每年3～5月为高峰期,主要气传花粉种类为木麻黄属和苏木科。

Objective To find out pollens floating in the Shenzhen in order to provide with reference and treatment of tropic pollinosis and city plants.Methods a pollens samplers set up at heigh of 6 meters in Shenzhen children＇hospitol.25.4 mm×76.2 mm×1 mm microscopic slide,coated with soft petroleum jelly,were put into it in the air and changed every 24 hours.It was colored with glycerin and covered by another slide.Pollen varieties and amount are observed from a optics microscope.Results 357 microscopic slides were made in one year,7 were lost and 1 was damaged.These microscopic slides proved that pollens float all time in the year.Pollens on the slides were 26 varieties,totally 9432 grains.The most months are March,April and May,5955 grains which was 63.14% of the whole year;the least months tend to January and December,127 grains which is 1.35% of whole year.Horsetail beefwood pollens were the most on the slides,4382 grains which 46.46% of the total grains,the most year is March.Hematoxylin-eosin secco pollens were the second,1897 grains,20.11% of the total.Conclusion Pollens float all the time in Shenzhen,the most typs are horsetail beewood and hematoxylin-eosin secco.