几种饲料原料对刺参幼参生长和体成分的影响

Effects of several diets on the growth and body composition of Apostichopus japonicus

研究了不同饲料原料对刺参Apostichopus japonicus(Selenka)幼参生长和体成分的影响。实验采用鱼粉、鼠尾藻Sargassum thunbergiiKuntze、浒苔Enteromorpha prolifera、海带Lam-inaria japonica和海泥5种主要原料配制的饲料投喂体长为4.18±0.23cm、体重为5.99±0.26g的刺参幼参,进行了为期80d的养殖实验。实验结束时,投喂鼠尾藻饲料、浒苔饲料和动物性饲料的刺参特定生长率(SGR)分别为95.36%/d、92.29%/d和84.87%/d。这三者之间无显著差异,但生长效果要好于投喂海带饲料和海泥饲料的刺参。实验结果表明,在特定的室内养殖条件下,虽然刺参能够更好地利用植物性蛋白,但是可以将动物性蛋白作为刺参的辅助性饲料成分,配制出营养更全面的配合饲料;浒苔作为刺参幼参的养殖饲料原料是完全可行的;海带粗加工产品不适于用做刺参饲料的主要成分。

This study was conducted to determine the effects of several diets on the growth and body composition of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus.A.japonicus at 4.18±0.23cm of body length and 5.99±0.26g of body weight were fed with different diets,including animal-based（fish meal） diet,Sargassum thunbergii Kuntze,Enteromorpha prolifera,Laminaria japonica,and sea mud-based diet for 80d.Sea cucumbers were maintained in glass aquaria and fed with the five different diets.The special growth rate of sea cucumbers fed with diets of S.thunbergii,E.prolifera,and fishmeal were 95.36%/d-1,92.29%/d-1 and 84.87%/d-1,respectively,which were not significantly different but higher than those fed with diets of L.japonica or sea mud.It was found that,although the animal＇s utilization of plant protein was higher,it is practically feasible to formulate more wholesome feed by using animal-based protein as the diet ingredient;E.prolifera is an alternative food source for juvenile sea cucumbers;Ground dried L.japonica should not be used as the major ingredient of sea cucumber diets.