基于热传导理论的背景抑制算法应用研究

Research on algorithm of background suppression based on heat conduction theory

针对复杂背景中红外运动目标检测速度慢,检测概率低的问题,对红外图像的背景和目标特性进行了分析,提出了一种基于热传导方程和自适应阈值的红外目标实时检测算法。首先,依据红外图像背景具有各向同性的分形特性,确定采用各向同性的算子对背景进行估计;然后,根据热传导方程和反热传导方程在图像处理中的应用,推导出了用于红外目标检测的背景抑制算子,在此基础上设计了自适应阈值用于红外目标的检测;最后给出了该算法的实验结果,并与基于特征选择性滤波的检测算法做了比较。实验结果表明该算法具有良好的背景抑制和目标增强性能,大幅提升了图像的信噪比,提高了红外运动目标的检测概率,且结构简单,有利于硬件实时实现。

To solve the problem of slow detecting speed and low detecting probability in infrared moving targets detection under complex background,the features of targets and background in infrared image sequences were analyzed,and a novel real-time detecting algorithm for infrared target was proposed,which is based on heat conduction equation and adaptive threshold.Firstly,according to the isotropy fractal characteristics of background in infrared image sequences,isotropy operator was adopted to estimate background.Then,according to the heat conduction equation and anti-heat conduction equation in image processing,a new background rejecting operator was found and the adaptive target detecting threshold was designed.Finally,experimental results were given and compared with the characteristic-selecting filtering（CSF）algorithm.The results show that the proposed algorithm can provide good performance of background rejection and targets enhancement,greatly improve the Signal Noise Ratio（SNR）,and improve targets detecting probability.Meanwhile,it is easy to be implemented in real-time system because of its simple logical structure.