重载铁路车轮磨耗和滚动接触疲劳研究

Investigation into Wheel Wear and Fatigue of Heavy-haul Railways

基于车辆动力学、非Hertz轮轨滚动接触理论和Archard磨损模型建立车轮磨耗预测模型。利用该模型和安定图对重载铁路车轮磨耗和滚动接触疲劳性能进行定性分析。在数值计算中,主要考察轴重为25 t和30 t货车的车轮硬度对车轮磨耗和滚动接触疲劳性能的影响。研究表明,轮轨间高应力水平的出现频次、车轮磨耗和疲劳破坏的几率随着轴重的增加而增大;随着硬度的增加,车轮磨耗和疲劳破坏现象得到改善。结合国外重载铁路轮轨匹配经验,建议轴重为30 t车轮的硬度大于340 HB。

The wheel wear prediction model was built,in which the vehicle dynamics model,the non-Hertzian rolling contact theory of wheel and rail systems and the Archard wheel material wear model were combined.The wear and rolling contact fatigue of the heavy-haul railway wheel were analyzed qualitatively by using the wheel wear prediction model and shakedown diagram.The influence of hardness on wheel wear and fatigue were investigated under 25 t and 30 t axle loads.The results indicate as follows： The occurrence frequency of the high contact stress level and the failure probability of wheel wear and fatigue are higher under the 30 t axle load than under the 25 t axle loads;the damage due to wheel wear and fatigue can be alleviated by increase of the material hardness.It is recommended that under the 30 t axle load the surface material hardness of the wheels should be above 340 HB.