新疆啤酒花重要品种和一个新品种的成分分析及品质评价

The Studies on Chemical Constituent and Nature of Seven Varieties of Hops in Xinjiang

对新疆啤酒花中最重要的 3个品种 (青岛大花、麒麟丰绿、余乐比特 )及一个新培育的品种阜北 -1进行了化学成分及储存性能研究 ,同时与国外引种的 3个优良品种 (马可波罗、努革特及札一 )进行比较。结果表明 :新疆的青岛大花、麒麟丰绿是 α-酸含量中低的苦型花 ,合草酮都占总α-酸的 4 0 %以上 ,酿造品质一般 ;余乐比特和新品种阜北 -1是香型花 ,合草酮分别占总 α-酸的 2 2 .70 %和 3 0 .73 % ,酿造品质较佳 ,酒花油有香型花特点 ;引种的马可波罗和努革特是高α-酸的苦型花 ,札一是香型花 ,它们都保持了原花的优良性能 ;上述 7种啤酒花储存 1 0 0 d后 ,α-酸损失在 8%～ 1 4% ,故不宜久放 ,应尽快加工。

The purpose of this research was to identify hop acid and essential oil and storage characteristics that could be used to identify hop cultivars and evaluate hop quality grown in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Seven cultivars were analyzed : Qingdaodahua, Qilinfenglu, Yulebite, Fubei-1, Zhayi, Makeboluo, Nugete. The first three cultivars were original in Xinjiang, and the last three were introduced from abroad, and Fubei-1 was the new one . Fresh hop samples were analyzed for α acids and β acids concentrations, cohurmulone ratio and essential oil composition, cohurmulone and several major essential oil component ratios were found to be useful in cultivar identification. From the analytical data, Qingdaodahua and Qilinfenglu were bitter cultivar, and had normal quality for brewery; Yulebite and Fubei-1 were aroma cultivar and they had better quality. Three abroad cultivars kept their better quality and were suitable in Xinjiang.