深圳市居民自杀流行病学研究

The epidemiology study on the suicide in Shenzhen

目的了解深圳市人群自杀流行特征及模式,为自杀干预提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对2006-2009年深圳市伤害监测系统自杀病例进行分析。结果 2006-2009年深圳市伤害监测系统共报告自杀病例1 634例,占伤害总数的0.75%。自杀病例户籍主要为外省(67.68%);文化程度以初中居多(46.74%);职业主要为商业、服务业、生产运输业和办事人员,分别占39.35%、15.30%、9.12%;女性多于男性(男女性别比为0.48∶1),年龄以25～30岁居多(26.72%);自杀高峰出现在春季及一天中的21～24时,自杀方式以中毒为主(53.68%),50.79%的病人需住院治疗。结论深圳市自杀干预重点人群为外来劳务工,主要干预措施为提高生活质量,加强心理教育和危险品管理等。

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics and the specific patterns of suicide in Shenzhen in order to provide decision making evidence for suicide intervention.Methods The descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the character of the data of Injury Surveillances System from 2006 to 2009 in Shenzhen.Results From 2006 to 2009,the cases of suicide was 1 634 and the proportion was 0.75%.Main residence of suicide cases was non-Guangdong Provinces（67.68%）,the Junior high school（46.74%） was the main education level.Most cases job occupation were Commerce,services and Production,Transport and officer.The female case was more than male（the ratio was 0.48∶1）,most cases were 25～30 year old（26.72%）,The months when suicide occurred most were mainly spring,and the rush hours in one day were 21：00～24：00.The main suicide ways was taking poisons（53.68%）. 50.79% cases need hospitalization.Conclusions The focus of the suicide prevention should be on rural labor,the main efforts should be made to improve the quality of life and strengthen mental education and pesticide management.