外语学习者语法能力和语用能力关系研究述评

Research Review on the Relation Between Foreigner Language Learners' Grammatical Competence and Pragmatic Competence

对于外语学习者来说,语法能力是语用能力发展的必要条件,但不是充足条件;就发展顺序而言,在外语学习初期,学习者借助普遍语用原则和语境,完成语用目的,同时学习语法知识,其学习路径是从语用到语法;随着学习者语法能力的逐步提高,他们开始要学习各种语法形式所蕴涵的语用功能,其学习路径是从语法到语用。

For the foreign language learners,grammatical competence is a essential condition for pragmatic competence,but it is not a sufficient one.As for the order of development,at the early stages of foreign language learning,the learners accomplish the actions relying on universal pragmatic principles and discourse context and learn the grammar at the same time.The acquisition path should change from pragmatics to grammar.With the improvement of learners＇ grammatical competence,they begin to study the pragmatic meanings to which their available grammatical knowledge can be used.