汉日“品”字比较

A Comparison of "品" in Chinese and Japanese

"品"字有多种含义,其中王力(1958)曾在其著作中指出",物品"意的"品"字源于日语。梳理汉语"品"字的发展可以发现,汉语"品"字曾经表示过"物品"意,且对日语"品"字的意义、读音、词性等发展产生了深刻的影响,其中,日语"品"字的"物品"意与词尾用法也在此基础上逐渐演变过来。后来,在日本翻译西洋语言时,日语"品"字被选用为"某一种类物品"的最佳译语,然后重新回归到汉语中影响汉语"品"字。可见",品"字在汉日两国语言历史的发展中具有鲜明的特色,是中日词汇相互渗透的重要一例。

The Chinese character＂品＂,is used with various meanings.One of them is the meaning of ＂things＂,which is come from Japanese（Wang Li,1958）.However,after summarizing the development of ＂品＂ in Chinese,actually the character once ever meant ＂things＂,but is not very common used.Comparing the development of ＂品＂ in Japanese,its meaning,pronunciation and function are in fact effected by the Chinese character ＂品＂,also from which the meaning of ＂things＂ were coming.Later,in the translation,the Japanese character ＂品＂ was chosen to express the word ＂things＂ or ＂a thing＂,and then it just came back to influence the usage of ＂品＂ in Chinese.The developments of ＂品＂ in Chinese and in Japanese come with their own features,and it is an important example in the mutual infiltration between Chinese and Japanese character development.