水盐胁迫下脱硫石膏对苏打型碱化土理化性质及玉米产量的影响

Effect of Desulphurization Gypsum on Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Soda-type of Alkaline Soil and Maize Yield under Water-Salt Stress

[目的]研究施用脱硫石膏对内陆表层苏打型碱化土及典型作物的影响。[方法]在水盐胁迫条件下,通过不同用量的脱硫石膏施用对比试验,分析了其对表层苏打型碱化土理化性质及玉米产量的影响。[结果]脱硫石膏可以显著降低表层苏打型碱化土pH值,抑制碱化度(ESP),降低土壤CO23-、HCO-3、Cl-、K+含量,但同时会增加根层Ca2+、Mg2+含量,提高土壤可溶性盐含量(EC)值。脱硫石膏也可以显著改善表层苏打型碱化土的物理性状,使土壤表层容重下降,土壤三相比中气相率增加,固相率降低,孔隙率增加,土壤硬度降低,活化了根际土壤养分,使土壤养分活性增强,植物吸收养分能力提高,作物生长环境得到改善。[结论]合理的脱硫石膏用量会提高苏打型碱化土上玉米产量。

[Objective] The effects of desulphurization gypsum on the physical and chemical character of sodic soil of inland and typical crop yield was researched.[Method] Under water-salt stress,the compared experiment in the efficiency of different quantities of desulphurization gypsum on the physical and chemical character of sodic soil and typical crop yield was conducted.[Results] The result showed that the treatment of desulphurization gypsum could significantly reduce pH value,Inhibit ESP,reduce the content of CO2-3,HCO-3,Cl-and K＋ in sodic top-soil,however,could increase the content of Ca2＋,Mg2＋ and EC in sodic top-soil.The physical characteristics of sodic top-soil could be significantly improved after the treatment of desulphurization gypsum.The bulk density of sodic top-soil was reduced and in the three phases of soil,the rate of air phase was raised and the solid rate was reduced;the bulk porosity and the hardness was raised was reduced.At the same time,it can in crease sodic topsoil and,the nutrient component in rhizosphere was activated so that the nutrition activity was stimulated.Thus,the capability of the plant absorbing the nutrition from the sodic soil was enhanced and the environment of plant growing was improved [Conclusion] Maize yield in sodic soil could be increased by means of the application of appropriate quantities of desulphurization gypsum.