城市边缘区水环境质量演变及其城市化响应——以广东省广州市花都区为例

Water Environmental Quality Evolution and Its Urbanization Response in Urban Fringe Areas

研究了广州市花都区近15年来水环境质量变化的过程和阶段特征,探讨了城市化对于地表水环境质量的影响机制。结果表明,1994~2007年,研究区地表水环境质量呈现明显下降趋势,2007年所监测断面除白坭外均为劣V类水质,对研究区乃至广州市用水安全造成严重威胁。全河段污染物以有机污染物为主,主要来源于电镀、漂染等高污染行业、生活废水和第三产业废水的排放。研究区污染处理设施建设严重滞后,造成污染物直排入江河,加剧了水环境质量的恶化。因此,建议通过调整工业结构、提升污水处理能力和控制农业污染等措施来改善地表水环境质量。

The process and periodical features of water environmental quality evolution in recent 15 years in Huadu District of Guangzhou City were studied,and the effect mechanism of urbanization upon surface water environment quality was discussed.The results indicated that surface water environment quality of study areas showed decreasing trend obviously during 1994-2007.In 2007,water qualities of monitor sections were all worse than the V class except for white cement section,which generated a serious threat to water safety of study area as well as Guangzhou City.The main pollutants were organic pollutants,mainly from high-polluting industries such as the electroplating and dyeing industries,domestic wastewater and tertiary wastewater.In addition,serious backward of construction of pollution treatment facilities also causing pollutants was directly discharged into rivers,exacerbating the deterioration of water quality.Therefore,we advised that the government should improve the environmental quality of surface water through the following ways such as adjusting industrial structure,upgrading sewage treatment capacity and controlling agricultural pollution and so on.