紫色杂交水稻米糠油提取条件探索及成分分析

Exploration of Extracting Conditions and Composition Analysis on Purple Hybrid Rice Bran Oil

[目的]对紫色杂交水稻米糠油的提取条件进行探索,并分析其脂肪酸成分组成情况。[方法]采用索氏抽提法提取紫色杂交水稻米糠油,甲酯化后运用GC-MS分析其脂肪酸组分,与II优725杂交水稻米糠油、花生油和菜籽油成分比较后利用DPS软件进行聚类分析。[结果]紫色杂交水稻米糠油最佳提取条件为:粉碎度50目,米糠含水量8%,料液比1∶5;采用2次脱色工艺,快速过滤,真空度0.08 MPa,第1次白土添加量为4%,温度为90℃,时间为30 min;第2次白土添加量为3%,温度为80℃,时间为15 min。最佳脱臭条件为:真空度0.07 MPa,温度170℃,时间1.5 min。GC-MS共检出10种脂肪酸,其中饱和脂肪酸6种,以软脂酸、硬脂酸为主,相对含量为26.32%;不饱和脂肪酸有4种,以油酸、亚油酸为主,相对含量为67.66%。紫色杂交水稻米糠油与II优725杂交水稻米糠油成分和含量相比,不相似性约0.94%,但与花生油和菜籽油差异较大。[结论]索氏抽提法提取紫色杂交水稻米糠油可达国标3级油标准,且其营养丰富,具有很好的开发利用前景。

[Objective]This paper aimed to explore the conditions of extracting the bran oil in purple hybrid rice and to analyze its fatty acid composition.[Method]The purple hybrid rice bran oil was extracted by soxhlet extractor,then its fatty acid methyl esterized was characterized by GC-MS and clustered with those of peanut oil and colza oil by software DPS.[Result]The optimum extracting conditions were as follows：granularity of 50 meshes,8% water of bran,and material-liquid ratio of 1∶ 5.The bran oil extracted was decolorized with 4% hargil being added,90 ℃,and 30 min for the first time and followed 3% hargil being added,80 ℃,15 min for the second time by fast filtration under 0.08 MPa.Additionally,the oil was deodorized under 0.07 MPa and 170 ℃ for 1.5 min.Six saturated fatty acids with the content of 26.32% were mainly composed with hexadecanoic acid and stearic acid.And four dominant unsaturated fatty acids,a higher content of 67.66%,were oleic acid and linoleic acid.The dissimilarity about compositions and contents of purple hybrid rice was less than 0.94% when compared with those of II YOU 725 hybrid rice bran oil,while different from peanut oil and colza oil.[Conclusion] The quality of purple hybrid rice bran oil extracted by soxhlet extractor can attain to the standards of Tri-level rice bran oil in GB.Furthermore,it has better nutrition value and is worthy of being developed.