稻田田埂植物的生物多样性

Biological Diversity of Plants on Ridge of Paddy

在浙江安吉两个村对利用不同污染程度水源进行灌溉的稻田田埂植物进行了调查。利用未受工业污染的水灌溉的禹山坞稻田田埂植物种数高于受工业废水污染的城北村。在相同类型植物群落中，禹山坞稻田田埂的植物种总重要值ＩＶ（ｔ）显著高于城北村，两村的田埂植物生物多样性指数也存在类似的变化趋势。不同类型植物群落的生物多样性参数差异极为显著，矮秆植物占优势群落的植物种数、植物种总重要值和生物多样性指数（Ｈ’）显著高于高秆植物占优势群落和外来植物占优势群落。应重视防除外来植物空心莲子草，控制高秆植物和保护矮秆植物。

Plant species on ridge of paddy at Yushanwu where rice fields were irrigated with spotless water were morethan at Chengbei where rice fields were irrigated with water polluted by industrial waste. In the same type of plant community, Yushanwu provided significantly higher total important value [ Iv(t) ] of plant species on ridge of paddy than Chengbeidid. The index of biological diversity (H') between two villages were given with the similar trends. The various type of plantcommunity showed the different data of biological diversity. Dominant community of short-stalked plants offered the greatadvantage of plant species number, Iv(t) and H' compared with the dominant community of high-stalked plants and dominantcommunity of exotic plants. Attention must be paid to the control of an exotic plant Alternanthera philoxeroides, limit ofdominant community of high-stalked plants, as well as protection of dominant community of short-stalked plants.