论《水浒传》诠释中的价值取向——兼评对古典小说的正确态度

On the Value Orientation in the Interpretation of Water Margin——and on the Right Attitudes towards Ancient Novels

一部文学作品在诠释过程中的价值取向,与作品本身的思想内容既有联系,又有所不同。《水浒传》在其诠释史上,对其价值取向呈现出肯定与否定两种截然不同的态度。肯定其价值的,又有社会政治价值、道德伦理价值等不同的取向;否定其价值的,则主要着眼于人性文明价值方面。这种情况的产生有主客观两方面的原因:诠释者的哲学观、文学观、道德观是主观方面的原因;《水浒传》内容自身的复杂性及社会文化思潮是客观方面的原因。对这些现象和原因作出实事求是的分析和论述,对于更好地把握和实现《水浒传》的多重价值,避免诠释中价值取向的扭曲具有重要意义。

The value orientation in the interpretation of a literary work has some relations with the content and is also different from it.There were two different attitudes towards the value orientation in the interpretation history of Water Margin.The positive attitudes contained different orientations of social,political,ethical and moral values.The negative attitudes focused on human civilization.For this there were objective and subjective reasons.The interpreters＇ ideas of philosophy,literature and ethics are subjective reason,and the complexity of the content and social and cultural ideas are objective reason.The analysis and depiction of the reasons is of great significance for the understanding and realization of multi-values of Water Margin and avoidance of distortion of value orientation in the interpretation.