黄山山顶面区主要植物群落类型及黄山松群落演替规律的探讨

Study on Major Plant Community Types and Successional Rules of Pinus taiwanensis Community in Mt.Huangshan,China

在对黄山风景区海拔１ ６００ ｍ 以上山顶面区植物群落调查的基础上， 对具有代表性的黄山松群落、黄山松与落叶阔叶混交林群落以及落叶阔叶林群落进行物种多样性指数、均匀度指数、群落系数的计算和分析， 揭示了黄山松群落演替的规律： 在裸岩、陡坡、峰岭或梁岗等特殊生境中， 黄山松种群可以形成稳定的群落； 在立地较优越的地段， 黄山松种群在森林群落演替中起着先锋树种的作用； 然而随着耐荫阔叶树种的侵入， 黄山松群落会逐渐演变成针、阔混交林群落， 最终将被落叶阔叶林群落所取代。

Based on investigation of plant community in Mt.Huangshan over 1600 m in elevation,biodiversity indices,biouniformity indices and community coefficient were calculated and analysed,and successional rules of taiwan pine community recognized:Taiwan pine community was stably established on the sites of stong ground,ridges,mountain peaks and steep slopes.Taiwan pines were the forerunners on the good sites,but their community was unstable,and gradually replaced by mixed forest of taiwan pine and deciduous broad leaved trees and lastly by deciduous broad leaved forest.