大穗型水稻水浆管理技术的研究

Studies on Techniques for Water Manage of Large Panicle Type of Rice

研究结果表明，大穗型水稻品种不同生育时期耐旱性不同，分蘖期耐旱力最强，适度干旱有利于产量的提高， 幼穗分化至抽穗开花对缺水最为敏感， 缺水减产严重， 后期灌浆时间长， 不可断水过早。采用前轻后重的管水方法， 有效分蘖终止期比常规灌溉法的提前５ ｄ， 总分蘖数比常规方法的多３８２ 万／ｈｍ ２， 有效穗数、结实率和千粒重分别提高４７％ 、８３％ 和２４％ ， 株高缩短３４ ｃｍ ， 单产增加１２４％ 。中、后期的ＬＡＩ、ＮＡＲ的ＣＧＲ 均有增加， 节水效率达３５％ ～５０％ 。

The exprimental results indicated that the drough enduring of large panicle rice was different at different growing stages,with the strongest drought enduring in the tillering.Suitable drought was advantageous to yield,but from panicle differentiation to earing and florescence was the most sensitive period for water,so the water shouldn't be shut off too early.Under the water management of first light then heavy,the effective tillering stage ended 5 days earlier than the normal treatment,and the total tillering numbers increased 382 thousands per hm 2,the effective ears,durable rate and 1000 grain weight 4 7%,8 3% and 2 4% respectively.The Leaf Area Index,Net Assnilation Rate and Crop Growth Rate were improved,and 35%～50% water saving was achiveved.