不同生态类型小麦品种及杂种F_1幼穗分化研究

STUDY ON YOUNG SPIKE DIFFERENTIATION OF DIFFERENT WHEAT ECOTYPE VARIETIES AND F_1

选用６ 个不同生态类型小麦品种，采用完全双列杂交法，对亲本及杂种Ｆ１ 的幼穗分化特点进行比较研究。结果表明，小麦不同生态类型穗分化进程存在明显差异，单棱期和二棱期的持续长短可作为衡量小麦冬春性的一个内部发育指标。杂种的穗分化进程介于双亲之间，但存在“倾早现象”；正反交间存在显著差异。组合选配中要考虑品种的生态类型，并选择适当的正反交组合。

Six different ecotype varieties of common wheat and F 1 derived from 6×6 complete diallel crossing system were selected for the research on the young spike differentiation characteristics.The result showed that there existed remarkable difference among six different wheat ecotype varieties in the progress of young spike differentiation.The differentiation duration of single ridge phrase and double ridge phase could be used as the index to measure cold hardy genotype.The spike differentiation progress of F 1 vary between two parents and inclined to sping parent.There existed remarkable difference between a cross and its reciprocal crossing.Selecting parents of hybrid wheat,workers ought to consider the ecotype of wheat varieties and select a proper cross or its reciprocal cross.