复合动词「-出す」的构词及语义特征

The Word-formation and Semantic Characteristics of the Japanese Compound Verb「-出す」

通过检索《广辞苑》第五版中的复合动词「-出す」,对其构词形式、整体语义与前后项动词的关系进行分析,发现复合动词「-出す」的前后项动词构词为并列关系时语义无偏重项,当其前后项动词构词为熟合式时产生与前后项语义无关的新语义。当前后项构词为主谓、补充关系时语义有时偏重前项动词主要表示动作的开始发生,有时偏向后项动词主要强调结果或状态的出现。

Based on the Japanese dictionary KOUJIENN（Fifth Edition）,the paper here analyses the word-formation styles,the overall semantic meaning and the relationship between its pre-verb and post-verb of the compound verb ＂-出す＂.It is found that when its pre-verb and post-verb are coordinate,there is particular semantic stress on neither;when they are amalgamation,the compound verb carries a new semantic meaning which has nothing to do with both parts;when they are subject-predicate pattern or in a supplementary relation,the compound verb＇s semantic meaning either lays particular stress on the pre-verb,mainly showing the beginning of an action,or on the post-verb,stressing the result or the appearance of a certain state.