2004—2010年清远市清城区食物中毒流行特征分析

Analysis on Epidemiological Characteristics of Food Poisoning in Qingcheng District of Qingyuan City during 2004-2010

目的对清远市清城区2004—2010年食物中毒的流行特征进行分析,为进一步预防和控制食物中毒提供依据。方法用回顾性流行病学方法对清远市清城区2004—2010年发生的食物中毒进行分析。结果清远市清城区2004—2010年共发生食物中毒45起,中毒人数759人,年均发病率为19.30/10万,病死率为0;中毒多发生在第2、3季度;致病因素以细菌性为主,占48.89%,其次是原因不明的食物中毒,占28.89%;中毒发生场所以集体食堂为主,占35.56%,其次是饮食服务单位,占33.33%。结论清远市清城区食物中毒以集体食堂发生的细菌性食物中毒为主,家庭发生的食物中毒以有毒动植物为主,情节较为严重;加大食品卫生的宣传力度,加强工厂食堂的卫生管理,提高人们群众的卫生意识是预防及控制食物中毒的有效途径。

[Objective]To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of food poisoning in Qingcheng district of Qingyuan city during 2004-2010,provide the basis for further prevention and control of food poisoning. [Methods]The food poisoning occurred in Qingcheng district of Qingyuan city during 2004-2010 were analyzed by retrospective epidemiology. [Results]There were 45cases of food poisoning in Qingcheng district of Qingyuan city during 2004-2010,759 people were poisoned,the annual morbidity was 19.30/lakh,and the fatality rate was 0.The quarter 1 and 2 were the peak season.The main pathogenic cause was bacteria,which accounted for 48.8%,followed by unexplained food poisoning（28.89%）.The places of food poisoning were mainly cafeteria,which accounted for 35.56%,followed by restaurants（33.33%）. [Conclusion]The food poisoning occurred in Qingcheng district of Qingyuan city during 2004-2010 were mainly bacterial food poisoning in cafeteria.Most of food poisoning occurred in family were caused by plant and animal toxicants,which were severe.The effective ways of prevention and control of food poisoning include enhancing the propaganda of food hygiene,strengthening the health management in factory cafeteria and improving the public consciousness of food hygiene.