连云港市建筑工地农民工健康知识水平及健康需求分析

Analysis on Health Knowledge Levels and Health Needs of Migrant Workers in Construction Sites in Lianyungang City

目的了解连云港市农民工相关健康知识的知晓情况及健康需求,为采取有效的健康教育干预措施提供参考依据。方法采用随机抽样的原则,在连云港市区抽选3个被调查建筑工地,通过以自填方式发放问卷开展调查。结果农民工对一般健康知识,总知晓率为49.5%,其中什么叫健康、吸烟对人体是否有害、高血压界定值、预防高血压、冠心病等慢性病的认识、结核病和艾滋病的传播途径等知晓率分别为38.1%、92.8%、27.3%、39.4%、57.9%和57.3%。不同文化程度农民工健康知识知晓率差异有统计学意义;男女农民工健康知识知晓率差异有统计学意义;目前,农民工获得健康知识途径以网络、电视最高,其次是报刊、杂志和书籍;农民工最希望获得健康知识途径以网络、电视为高,其次是报刊、杂志和书籍和知识讲座。结论在健康教育工作中,建筑工地农民工对健康知识的知晓率较低,农民工健康教育工作有待进一步加强和提高。

[Objective]To learn the awareness of health knowledge and health needs of migrant workers in Lianyungang city,provide the basis for effective intervention measures of health education. [Methods]With random sampling,three construction sites were selected from Lianyungang urban area,and the questionnaires were filled by the respondents themselves. [Results]The total awareness rate of common health knowledge was 49.5 %.The awareness rate of what is health,whether the smoking is harmful,the define values of hypertension,knowledge about prevention of hypertension,coronary heart disease and other chronic diseases,transmission routes of TB and AIDS were 38.1%,92.8%,27.3%,39.4%,57.9% and 57.3%,respectively.There was significant difference in the awareness rate of health knowledge among migrant workers with different education levels.The difference in the awareness rate of health knowledge between male and female migrant workers was significant.At present,the approaches that migrant workers obtained the health knowledge were mainly internet and TV,followed by newspaper,magazines and books.The approaches that migrant workers hoped to obtain the health knowledge were mainly internet and TV,followed by newspaper,magazines,books and lectures. [Conclusion]The awareness rate of health knowledge of migrant workers in construction sites is low,and the health education of migrant workers should be further improved and strengthened.