新型中空纤维陶瓷膜的制备方法

PREPARATION METHODS OF HOLLOW FIBER CERAMIC MEMBRANES

新型中空纤维陶瓷膜由于具有装填密度大、单位体积膜有效分离面积大、膜壁薄、渗透通量高和节省原料、易于实现分离设备小型化等独特优点而受到广泛关注,在用于多孔和致密陶瓷分离膜、固体氧化物燃料电池、微通道反应器、催化剂载体等方面都有着潜在的应用前景。本文在概括中空纤维陶瓷膜特点的基础上,综述了中空纤维陶瓷膜的制备方法及研究进展,着重分析比较了不同制备方法的优缺点。将相转化法应用于中空纤维陶瓷膜的制备,可实现通过一步成型制造具有自支撑非对称结构的复合陶瓷膜,有利于提高膜的渗透通量,简化膜制备工艺和显著降低制造成本。

Ceramic hollow fiber membranes have recently attracted considerable attention,due to the high active area/volume ratio provided by its high packing density,thin wall,high permeability and less material consumption.With the application of ceramic membranes in hollow fiber configuration,the separation equipment can be miniaturized.Ceramic hollow fiber membranes have potential applications in various fields,such as porous and dense ceramic membranes for separation,solid oxide fuel cells,microchannel-reactor,and supports of catalysts.This paper summarized the characteristics and progress in preparation methods of hollow fiber ceramic membranes.The emphasis was put on the comparison of different preparation methods.The phase inversion method was cost-effective,since the derived ceramic hollow fiber membranes with self-supported asymmetric structure and thus high permeability can be obtained in one step.The application of phase inversion method could simplify the fabrication process of ceramic membranes and greatly reduce the production cost.