土壤田间持水量对辣椒生长及产量的影响

Effects of soil field capacity on growth and yield of pepper

在大陆性干旱气候条件下,以盆栽辣椒为试材,利用称重法控制土壤含水量,研究了土壤田间持水量80%、60%、40%3个处理对辣椒生长及产量的影响.结果表明:60%的土壤含水量处理下的辣椒植株的株高、茎粗、地上部鲜质量、地上部干质量、地下部鲜质量,地下部干质量、单株产量等指标分别比80%的土壤含水量处理增长了35.8%、31.6%、305%、314%、438%、348%、40.9%,比40%的土壤含水量处理增长了80.2%、75.8%、445%、347%、243%、218%、468%.说明适度的控水对辣椒植株的生长及产量有一定的促进作用.40%的土壤含水量处理的根冠比在处理的40～60d内显著高于其他2个处理,说明40%的土壤含水量处理使辣椒生长受到了限制,植株通过增大根冠比来适应干旱的环境.

In the condition of continental dry climate,using weighing method to control soil water content,pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of soil field capacity with 80 %,60 % and 40 % water holding on growth and yield of pepper.The results showed that the seven indicators under the treatment with 60 % field capacity concerning about height and stem diameter of pepper plants,fresh and dry weight of shoots and root shoots,yield per plant were better than 80 % and 40 % treatment.The indexes mentioned above were increased by 35.8 %,31.6 %,305 %,314 %,438 %,348 % and 40.9 % respectively from the 80 % field capacity treatment to the 60 % management;ascended 80.2 %,75.8 %,445 %,347 %,243 %,218 % and 468 % respectively from the handling with 40 % field capacity to the 60 % treatment.All above showed that moderate water control played a certain role in promoting growth and yield of pepper.During the period of 40～60 d,treatment with 40 % field capacity,R/S ratio was significantly higher than the other two treatments,which indicated that the 40 % soil water holding put a limitation on the growth of pepper,the plants were adapted to arid environment by increasing R/S ratio.