中国-巴基斯坦喀喇昆仑公路沿线野生动物区系研究

Wild Fauna Along the China-Pakistan Kara-Koram Highway

中国-巴基斯坦喀喇昆仑公路（以下简称＂中巴公路＂）是中国政府于20世纪60年代中期援建的一条连接中国西部城市喀什和巴基斯坦北部城市塔科特的国际公路。2009年4月、7月、9月和2010年6～7月对中巴公路沿线分布的动物进行了考察,经全面系统分类、整理和统计,该地区共有陆栖野生动物22目51科105属147种,其中爬行类1目3科5属8种,鸟类14目34科72属103种,哺乳类/兽类7目14科28属36种。从野生动物分布的种类数量上看,分布最少的是爬行类（8种）,而较多的是鸟类（103种）和哺乳类/兽类（36种）,分别占该地区分布野生脊椎动物种数的5.44%、70.07%和24.49%。野生动物区系以北方广布种、高地型、古北型和中亚型为主,全北型、东洋型和喜马拉雅-横断山型渗透混杂,表明古北界温带陆栖动物地理属性是该地区动物区系的基本特征之所在。

The China - Pakistan Kara - Koram highway,which was built with the help of the China government during the 1960s,is an international highway linking Kashgar,a city in western China,with Takhot,a city in northern Pakistan. Completed and open to traffic at the end of the 1970s,the highway cuts through the world - famous Karakorum Mountain and Himalaya Mountains.Due to frequent occurrences of natural disasters in the past 30 years,the highway has been damaged and traffic condition has become worse.Therefore,the China government again committed to help Pakistan rebuild it.In September 2009,we undertook a survey of the fauna along the highway.According to our classification and statistics,there were 22 orders,51 families,105 genera,and 147 species of wild vertebrates;among which there were 1 order,3 families,5 genera,and 8 species of reptiles;14 orders,34 families,72 genera,and 103 species of birds;and 7 orders,14 families, 28 genera,and 36 species of mammals.We found 8 reptile species classified as rare,there are 8 species of reptiles,103 species of birds and 36 species of mammals distributed in the area and making up 5.44%、70.07%and 24.49%respectively of the 147 vertebrate species in the study area.The fauna was basically characteristic of the temperate zone.Some species were representative of other zones,including the Qinghai - Tibet plateau,the Palearctic zone,Central Asia,the sub - tropics, the circumpolar zone,the Oriental zone,and Mts.Himalay - Hengduan zones.