溢油污染海岸线生物修复措施现场应用效果评价

Evaluation on in-situ Bioremediation of a Shoreline Polluted by Oil Spill

在2008年5月－9月于渤海湾天津海岸线进行了人工模拟溢油条件下的生物修复现场实验,考察了添加水溶性性肥料、添加缓释肥料以及同时添加缓释肥料和石油烃降解菌剂对油污染物生物降解的影响。结果表明,三种处理的石油烃降解率比对照分别提高0.9、1.2和1.8倍;添加营养盐导致基质间隙水中的营养盐浓度能明显增大,石油烃降解菌数量显著增高。其中,添加缓释肥料的体系可以在较长时间内保持间隙水中高营养盐水平;而同时添加缓释肥料和菌剂的体系不仅显著提高了石油烃降解菌的初始密度,而且可以在较长时间内维持间隙水中营养盐较高浓度。这表明营养盐缺乏是限制现场石油烃降解的主要因素,添加营养盐可以显著提高溢油污染的生物修复效率,而同时添加缓释肥料和菌剂的强化措施最为有效。

This paper described a field bioremediation experiment with regard to a simulated oil-spill in the shoreline of Tianjin City by the Bohai Bay.Different countermeasures were taken involving application of water-soluble fertilizer（WSF）,slow release fertilizer（SRF） and SRF plus oil-degrading bacterial inoculum（ODBI） respectively.Comparative studies showed that addition of SRF plus ODBI not only increased the initial oil degradation bacterial cell density,but maintained a high nutrient level in pore-water for a lengthened time;and nutrient concentration was a major limiting factor for natural oil biodegradation.