英语状语(adjunct)的多功能性质研究

A Multi-functional Study on English Adjuncts

从功能语法的角度,英语状语的分类:环境状语,情态状语,连接状语,分别体现语言的三大元功能:概念功能,人际功能,语篇功能。状语与补语有着功能性差别。上述三类状语在句中的位置不同,它们实现的功能不同;并且某一状语在句中的位置不同,其意义或功能亦不同。上述三类状语在分类上存在级差问题。在讨论分类级差问题的过程中分析了某一类状语,在实际语篇中可以同时实现两种或三种元功能的性质,即,多功能性质。

Based on the functional grammar,the categories of English adjuncts fall into circumstantial adjunct,modal adjunct and conjunctive adjunct,which are correspond respectively to the three metafunctions like the ideational metafunction,interpersonal metafunction,and textural metafunction.The differences lie in functions between the adjuncts and the complements.Since the three adjuncts take their unmarked places in the clause,each of them functions differently and the meaning of the adjuncts varies owing to their different places in a clause.With the discussion of the cline between the three categories of adjuncts,the paper comes to the conclusion that an adjunct from a certain category may realize two or more metafunctions in the text and adjuncts are of multi-functions.