妊娠期外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病的危险因素及对妊娠结局的影响

The risk factors of gestational vulvovaginal candidiasis and its influence on the pregnancy outcome

目的探讨妊娠期外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病(vulvovaginal candidiasis,VVC)发病的危险因素以及对妊娠结局的影响。方法随机选取2010-01～2010-04在我院建档并规律产检、分娩的孕妇800例,对其进行调查问卷、阴道分泌物常规检查以及妊娠结局的随访,根据有无VVC感染分为VVC组和非VVC组,在VVC组中按有无规范治疗,分为治疗组和未治疗组。通过VVC组和非VVC组的比较了解VVC的危险因素,并且分析非VVC组、治疗组和未治疗组的妊娠结局。结果孕妇的卫生习惯不良、孕前未行产前检查、孕前曾患VVC是妊娠期VVC的危险因素,妊娠期VVC可导致胎膜早破(15.52%)、会阴阴道裂伤(8.62%)以及剖宫产率(55.17%)的升高,经规范治疗后各种并发症的发生率明显下降。结论妊娠期VVC可能会造成不良妊娠结局,加强卫生习惯的宣教,孕前进行相关检查,可能会预防和减少妊娠期VVC的发生。妊娠期VVC经规范治疗后可明显改善妊娠结局。

Objective To investigate the risk factors of vulvovaginal candidiasis（VVC）during pregnancy,and the influence of VVC on the pregnancy outcome.Methods A total of 800 pregnant women were enrolled in the study.All the cases underwent questionnaire survey,routine vaginal secretion examination and detection of Candida mycoderma.The pregnancy outcomes were followed up.These cases were divided into 2 groups：VVC and non-VVC group.In VVC group,the cases were divided into treatment and untreatment subgroups.Results The gravida＇s bad health habits,no antenatal examination and history of VVC were closely related to the gestational VVC.In VVC group,the incidence of preterm rupture of membranes（15.52%）,colpoperineal laceration（8.62%） and cesarean section（55.17%） increased.The incidences of complications reduced after standardized therapy.Conclusion Gestational VVC could result in the adverse pregnancy outcomes.Education and strengthening of good hygiene habits and antenatal examination,could prevent and reduce gestational VVC.Standardized therapy for VVC could obviously improve the pregnancy outcome.