过敏性鼻炎患者伴发食物过敏原致敏状态分析

Food Allergen Sensitization in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis

目的研究过敏性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)、非过敏性鼻炎(nonallergic rhinitis,NAR)患者伴发食物致敏的特点,探讨食物性过敏原检测在过敏性鼻炎诊断和预防中的意义。方法 对513例AR患者(包括51例14岁以下儿童)和70例NAR患者的食物过敏原检测阳性结果进行回顾性分析。结果 AR患者常伴发致敏的食物过敏原依次为咖喱(43.3%)、小虾(30.0%)、桃(20.5%)、凤梨(11.9%)、花生(11.3%)和菠菜(10.5%)。儿童AR患者常伴发致敏的食物过敏原依次为咖喱(58.8%)、桃(23.5%)、小虾(21.6%)、水果(11.8%)、菠菜(11.8%)和小麦(11.8%)。AR患者中70.1%的植物性食物致敏者同时对花粉蒿草类吸入性过敏原过敏。NAR患者中常伴发致敏的食物过敏原依次为咖喱(30.0%)、桃(28.6%)、凤梨(14.3%)、小虾(12.9%)和鲤鱼(10.0%)。结论 AR患者伴发致敏食物过敏原以咖喱、植物性食物过敏原为主。植物性食物过敏原与花粉蒿草类吸入性过敏原可能存在交叉抗原反应。

Objective：To characterize food allergen sensitization status in patients with allergic rhinitis（AR） and nonallergic rhinitis（NAR）,and to explore its potential value in the diagnosis and control of these diseases.Methods：Totally 513 AR patients（including 51 children under 14 years of age） and 70 NAR patients who were also allergic to one or more food allergens were involved in this retrospective study at Beijing Tongren Hospital.Results：Curry（43.3%）,shrimp（30.0%）,peach（20.5%）,pineapple（11.9%）,peanuts（11.3%） and spinach（10.5%） were the top 6 concurrent food allergens in AR patients.In children with AR,the major concurrent food allergens were curry（58.8%）,peach（23.5%）,shrimp（21.6%）,fruits（11.8%）spinach（11.8%）and wheat（11.8%）.Of AR patients who were sensitive to plant-food allergen,70.1% were found also allergic to pollens.Similar food allergen sensitization status was seen in NAR patients,with the most common sensitization to curry（30.0%）,peach（28.6%）,pineapple（14.3%）,shrimp（12.9%） and carp（10.0%）,successively.Conclusion：Curry and plant-food sensitization was often seen in AR patients.There might be cross-reactivity between pollens and plant-food allergens.