过敏性疾病的自然进程及干预

Natural Course of Allergic Disorders and Intervention

诸多研究表明,儿童时期变应性疾病的发生和发展遵循一定规律,通常称作过敏性疾病疾病的自然进程,即在特定的年龄阶段,先后出现特征性的变态反应临床表现,并且持续多年,随着年龄的增长,某些临床表现可能占据主导地位,而其他的则可能减轻或完全消失。一般而言,特异性皮炎首先出现,随之发展为变应性鼻炎和哮喘。全球过敏性疾病疾病发病率的日益增高已经成为一个威胁社会公共卫生健康的严重问题,因此,对该类疾病的深入研究显得愈发重要,了解其自然规律、发病机制对采取有效干预措施以阻断其自然发展进程、判断疾病预后和对高危患儿提供建议具有重要意义。

Several studies have demonstrated that the progression of allergic diseases during early childhood is often referred to as the atopic march.The atopic march refers to the natural history of allergic or atopic manifestations characterized by a typical series of clinical symptoms and conditions appearing during a certain age period and persisting over a number of years.Characteristic of the clinical signs is that some features become more prominent with time whereas others diminish or disappear completely.In general the clinical features of atopic dermatitis occur first and precede the development of allergic rhinitis and asthma.The pronounced global increase in the prevalence of atopic disease in recent years is a critical public health issue and has further increased the importance of early and accurate disease recognition.Understanding the natural history of these disorders and the interventions that may modify the development of allergy is essential in determining prognosis and providing advice for children at risk for allergic sensitization and disease.