贝类毒素监测的动物试验优化及替代方法

Optimization of Animal Testing and Alternative Methods for Shellfish Toxin Monitoring

贝类毒素严重威胁水产品的质量,而且给人类健康带来潜在危害。由于其结构多样、作用机制复杂,贝类毒素监控计划通常使用动物方法,不仅成本高、定量难,而且不符合"3R"的要求。运用减轻动物痛苦和减少数量的优化方法,开发新的基于毒性作用机制和结构分析的细胞功能检测法、免疫学方法、化学分析法和生物传感器方法,这些动物试验替代方法的研究提高了贝类毒素监测的有效性,经过科学验证和认可后可用于监控目的 。

Objective Shellfish toxins are not only threatening to quality of marine aquatic products but also become a potential threat to human health.As the structure diversity and function mechanism complexity,the monitoring programs of shellfish toxins using animal models are costly,difficult to quantitate and not meet 3R principles.There is a pressing need to develop new methods to reduce quantity of used animals and to relieve animal distress.Recently,many new assays based on action mechanisms have been developed including functional,immunological,chemical analysis and biosensor methods.These methods promote the efficacy of shellfish toxin monitoring,and will be accepted by administration for regulation programs provided these approaches be scientifically validated and standardized.