囊式空气弹簧平衡性分析

Equilibrium Performance Analysis for Bellows Type Air Spring

空气弹簧是一种低频、高效隔振零件,目前已广泛应用于舰船以降低主要动力设备的振动与噪声传递。空气弹簧的平衡性严重影响了隔振系统的安全与可靠性,而帘线缠绕角是决定空气弹簧平衡性的关键。为定量分析帘线缠绕角对空气弹簧平衡性的影响,针对舰用JYQN囊式空气弹簧,对其囊体几何模型进行简化,进而依据弹性薄壳无矩理论,建立囊体平衡方程和边界条件,推导出囊体经向和纬向薄膜内力公式。结合囊体复合材料分析,给出囊体帘线平衡角计算公式,提出空气弹簧囊体的平衡性分析方法。当骨架帘线铺设角度接近平衡角时,此时得到的空气弹簧囊体在内压和承载作用下的变形最小,具有较好平衡性。建立帘线平衡角与空气弹簧设计有效面积之间的函数关系,为空气弹簧设计与研制提供了理论依据。

Air spring is a kind of low-frequency,high-efficiency vibration isolator.At present,it is widely used in ship main power equipment to reduce vibration and noise transmission.Whether air springs have equilibrium performance will seriously affect the vibration isolation system security and reliability,while the cord winding angle is a critical factor to determine the equilibrium performance of the air spring.To quantitatively analyze the influence of cord winding angle on the equilibrium performance of air spring,for naval JYQN air spring,the geometric model of airbag is simplified.Based on non-moment theory of elastic thin shell,airbag balance equation and boundary condition are established,then both longitude and latitude internal force formula of the airbag are derived.Furthermore,combined analysis of airbag composite material,cord equilibrium angle formula is given and analysis method of air spring equilibrium performance is proposed.When lay angle of airbag skeleton cords is close to the neutral angle,the deformation of airbag subjected to inner pressure and outer load is at a minimum,that is,it has a good equilibrium performance.Functional relationship between cord neutral angle and air spring effective area is established,which provides a theoretical basis for the design and development of air springs.