狂犬病潜伏期及其影响因素的分析

Influence factor and characteristics of human rabies during incubation period

目的分析并探讨狂犬病潜伏期及影响因素。方法收集并整理2004-2009年河南省468份狂犬病个案调查资料,对病例潜伏期及其可能影响因素通过SPSS15.0统计软件进行统计描述、单因素和多因素分析,并建立影响因素的回归模型方程。结果狂犬病潜伏期呈正偏态分布,其偏度为5.047,峰度为31.099。狂犬病潜伏期最短为4d,最长为2,465d,平均潜伏期(中位数)为60d。单因素秩和检验显示年龄、暴露方式、暴露程度、暴露部位、伤口处理、伤口处理地点、伤口是否冲洗、是否消毒、是否接种疫苗、肇事动物管理、动物伤人原因11个因素有统计学意义。多因素Cox回归分析显示暴露部位、年龄2个因素有统计学意义。结论狂犬病潜伏期呈正偏态分布。狂犬病例暴露部位、年龄是影响潜伏期的重要因素。

The data of 468 human rabies cases from 2004 to 2009 in Henan province were sorted and analyzed in order to analyse the influence factor and characteristics of human rabies during incubation period.All the data were input into database with Epidata3.1 software,and were analyzed with SPSS15.0 software.Nonparametric statistics-rank sum test,semi-parametric statistics-Cox regression method were used in this study.The results showed that the data of rabies during incubation period was positively skew distribution,the skewness was 5.047,the kurtosis was 31.099,the median was sixty-day,and the interval was from 4 to 2465 day.The significant incubation period in single factor analysis were the influence factors,such as age,exposure sort,exposure level,exposure site,treatment post-exposure,clinic grade of treatment,wound wash or not,wound disinfection or not,vaccination or not,the state of infectious sources,and the cause of exposure.The significant influence factors in multi-factor analysis was exposure site and age.In conclusion,the data of rabies incubation period was positively skew distribution.The significant influence factors of incubation period were exposure site and age.