湖北荆州熊家冢墓地2008年发掘简报

2008 Excavation of the Xiongjiazhong Graveyard in Jingzhou,Hubei

熊家冢墓地位于湖北省荆州市川店镇张场村三组和宗北村一组的西山岗上,南北长550、东西宽200米,由主冢、祔冢、殉葬墓、祭祀坑、车马坑等组成。2008年3～12月,荆州博物馆发掘了6座马坑、3座小车马坑和1座大车马坑的大部分。大车马坑车辆的类型多样,分两排放置,排列有序。根据出土铜器并结合整个墓地的年代判断,车马坑的年代约为战国中期。熊家冢墓地车马坑的规模之大,目前在我国尚属首例,它的发掘对于研究战国车制具有重要的意义。

Xiongjiazhong Graveyard is situated on a low hill to the west of Zhangchang Village and Zongbei Village in Chuandian Town,Jingzhou City,Hubei Province. The graveyard,which is 550 meters north to south and 200 meters east to west,is composed of main tombs,secondary tombs,the graves of sacrificial victims,offering pits,and chariot-and-horse pits. From March to December of 2008,Jingzhou Municipal Museum excavated 6 horse pits,3 small chariot-and-horse pits,and the majority of a large chariot-and-horse pit. In the large chariot-and-horse pit,chariots of various sorts were orderly disposed in two rows. Judging by the unearthed bronzes and the date of the whole graveyard,the chariot-and-horse pits were probably built in the middle Warring States. The largest chariot-and-horse pit of Xiongjiazhong Graveyard is also the largest one ever found in China. So its excavation is of great value for the study of the chariot system of the Warring States.