关注临床耐多药结核病的流行及治疗

Pay close attention to prevalence and treatment of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis

耐多药肺结核(MDR-TB)和广泛耐药肺结核(XDR-TB)在世界范围内日益增多,治疗难度大,周期长,费用高,预后差。HIV的流行更加快了患者从感染结核菌到肺结核发病的进程,病死率很高。耐多药及广泛耐药结核菌株的进化是个复杂的动态过程,可能与基因和耐药表型有关。遏制MDR-TB和XDR-TB的措施在于新的诊断方法的发展,疫苗研制以及抗结核新药的发现与应用等。加强基础结核控制以防止初治耐药是耐药结核管理的重中之重。

Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis（MDR-TB） and extensive-drug-resistant tuberculosis（XDR-TB） has become more prevalent worldwide.It is a disease which is difficult and expensive to treatment,with poor prognosis and high mortality.The spread of HIV accelerated the progression of malignancy of infection of tuberculosis.The evolution of MDR-and XDR-Mycobacterium tuberculosis had been a complicated and dynamic process related to the drug-resistant genes and phenotypes.The new diagnostic and therapeutic methods,research on vaccines,and the research and application of new drugs would be conducive to inhibit the prevalence of MDR-TB and XDR-TB.Prevention of initial drug-resistance infection should be emphasized in the prevention of drug-resistant TB.