髌下脂肪垫解剖学观测及其临床意义

Anatomic measure of subpatellar fat pad and its clinical significance

目的：为膝关节疼痛的诊和治疗提供解剖学依据。方法：在１２ 具新鲜膝关节上对髌下脂肪垫和髌韧带等组织结构进行观测。结果：髌下脂肪垫表面与髌韧带的后面结合疏松， 但与髌骨下缘紧密连结。滑膜覆盖于髌下脂肪垫的关节腔内部分，并形成翼状襞。脂肪垫伸向股骨和胫骨间隙，在前交叉韧带之前，形成一系带附着于髁间窝前部，其将脂肪垫系于股骨。胫骨近端的前方与髌韧带之前，形成一系带附着于髁间窝前部，其将脂肪垫系于股骨。胫骨近端的前方与髌韧带下部后面之间有一恒定的髌下滑囊，其界限一般不超出髌韧带两侧。结论： 临床治疗的重点应是髌骨下缘与脂肪垫的附丽处。

Aim:To provide anatomic data for diagnosis and treatment of knee joint pain.Methods:Subpatellar fat pad and patellar ligament were observed and measured on 12 fresh knee joints.Results:The combinationn existed loosly in surface of subpatellar fat pad and posterior surface of patellar ligament but the combination occurred firmly in inferior border of patella. Subpatellar fat pad in articular cavity was covered by synovium and formed alar folds.A frenum from subpatellar fat pad between femur and tibia attached to anterior of intercondylar fossa before anterior cruciate ligament and subpatellar fat pad was attached to femur. Conclusions:Simple lesion of subpatellar fat pad should be diagnosed prudently. Center of treatment was the point of attachment of subpatellar fat pad.