抗菌肽及其临床应用研究进展

Progress of Antimicrobial Peptides Research and Its Current Therapeutic Application

抗菌肽是生物体在抵抗病原微生物的防御反应过程中产生的一类具有抗微生物活性的小分子多肽。抗菌肽是机体天然免疫系统的重要组成部分,具有广谱的抗革兰氏阳性、阴性菌活性,对真菌、某些有包膜的病毒、寄生虫以及肿瘤细胞也有抑制活性。抗菌肽具有不同于传统抗生素的独特抗菌机制,病原菌不宜对其产生耐药性,有可能成为一种新的抗生素替代品。介绍了抗菌肽的来源与分类、理化特性与生物学活性,并重点阐述其最新的临床应用进展。

Antimicrobial peptides（AMPs）,a cluster of small peptides with antimicrobial activity,are produced by most living organisms against invading pathogens.AMPs are an important component of the innate immune system of organisms.These peptides exhibit broad-spectrum activity against a wide range of microorganisms including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria,fungi,some enveloped viruses,and protozoa,a few peptides have also been found to be cytotoxic to tumour cells.AMPs have unique antibacterial mechanism distinctively from traditional antibiotics,which makes pathogens develop drug resistance to them hardly,and they have been demonstrated with the potential to be used as substitute for traditional antibiotics.In this review,we discussed the source and classification,physicochemical properties and biologic activities of AMPs,with the focus on the progress of their clinical applications.