樱桃谷雏鸭消化参数变化规律研究

Study on Change Rule of Digestibility Parameters in Young Cherry Valley Ducks

本试验旨在研究0～42日龄樱桃谷雏鸭消化参数的变化规律。试验以240只0～42日龄樱桃谷雏鸭为研究对象,分别测定3、5、7、14、21、28、35和42日龄肉鸭食管膨大部、肌胃、小肠各段及盲肠组织的pH值,小肠各段及盲肠的长度,肌胃食糜中的胃蛋白酶水平,十二指肠、空肠、回肠食糜中淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶的活性以及盲肠食糜中纤维素酶的活性等。结果表明:①雏鸭小肠长度随日龄的增加逐渐增加,小肠增幅于7日龄左右达到最大,然后呈逐渐降低趋势;②食管膨大部、肌胃、十二指肠、空肠和回肠的pH值分别为5.057～6.685、2.670～4.003、6.012～6.375、6.047～6.512、6.302～6.901。其随日龄的变化幅度不大,并随日龄的增加趋于稳定;③胃蛋白酶随着日龄的增加而增加,在14日龄时达到高峰值,然后逐渐降低;脂肪酶、肠道淀粉酶和胰蛋白酶活性分别在7、14和28日龄达到峰值,且空肠和回肠内容物的淀粉酶和脂肪酶活性均高于十二指肠;盲肠中纤维素酶活性随着日龄的增加而增加。结果表明,7～14日龄是樱桃谷雏鸭消化道发育和消化酶分泌的关键时期。

In this paper,change rule of digestibility parameters of young cherry valley ducks were studied. Two hundred and forty 0 to 42-day-age young cherry valley ducks were selected randomly. At 3,5,7,14,21,28,35,42 days of age,pH value of crop,stomach gizzard, duodenum,jejunum,ileum,caecum and the length of duodenum,jejunum,ileum,caecum were observed and the pepsin,amylase,lipase,trypsin and cellulase of stomach and intestines were measured. The results were as follows： （1）Length of duodenum,jejunum,ileum,caecum were increased with the age and reached to the peak at age of 7 days. （2）pH value of crop,stomach gizzard,duodenum,jejunum,ileum,caecum were about 5.057 to 6.685,2.670 to 4.003,6.012 to 6.375,6.047 to 6.512,6.302 to 6.901,respectilely,the change varied within narrow range.（3）The pepsin activity of stomach reached to the peak at 14 days of age;the amylase,hpase and trypsin activities reached to the peak at 7,14 and 28 days of age,respectively;amylase and lipase activities of jejunum and ileum were superior to those of duodenum;cellulase activity of caecum was increased with age. The results showed that 7 to 14 days of age was vital period for digest gut and enzyme development of young cherry valley ducks.