深澳湾底质沉积物中酸可挥发性硫化物(AVS)和硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)的时空分布

THE SPATIOTEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF ACID-VOLATILE SULFIDE(AVS) AND SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA(SRB) IN THE SURFACE DEPOSITS AT SHEN′AO BAY

为探究深澳湾中酸可挥发性硫化物（AVS）和硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）的时空分布、相互作用以及对养殖环境的影响,于2007年1月~2008年12月,对该湾底质沉积物中的AVS和SRB进行了为期2a的调查研究。结果显示,在调查期间AVS变化范围为1.142~1250.990μg/g。从时间变化看,夏秋高温季节AVS含量明显高于冬春低温季节,2008年AVS含量明显高于2007年;从空间变化来看,鱼类养殖区〉牡蛎养殖区〉非养殖区。将深澳湾AVS含量和其他养殖区硫化物含量比较,深澳湾底质沉积物中总体AVS含量处于中等水平,但鱼类养殖区底质沉积物中的AVS含量明显高于其他养殖区,而进行藻类和贝类混养的区域其AVS含量也明显低于纯贝类养殖海域。底质中SRB的丰度变化范围为2.81×101~3.60×103cfu/g。底质中硫酸盐还原菌的丰度与底质中AVS的含量有显著的正相关性,且养殖区硫酸盐还原菌的丰度要明显大于非养殖区。从AVS和SRB的时空变化来看,深澳湾当前的养殖活动对底质环境有很大的负面影响。

The study of Acid-volatile Sulfide（AVS） and Sulfate-reducing Bacteria was conducted at Shen′ao Bay,from Jan.2007 to Dec.2008 to make clear the spatiotemporal patterns and reactions with each other and environments in deposits.The result shows that the fluctuations of AVS were 1.142~1250.990μg/g.According to the temporal fluctuations,AVS contents in high temperature season（Summer and Autumn） were higher than in low temperature season（Spring and Winter）,and in 2008 year were higher than in 2007 year.And according to spatial fluctuations,the AVS contents were in a decent order of fish culturing zone,Oyster culturing zone and none culturing zone.The result of comparison of AVS content in sediment from different bays shows that the average AVS content in deposits at Shen′ao bay locates middle level.And the AVS in deposit at fish culturing zone were higher than other zones relatively;AVS in deposit at seaweeds and shellfish culturing zone were lower than shellfish culturing only zone.It also showed that the fluctuations of Sulfate-reducing Bacteria（SRB） were 2.81 101~3.60 103cfu/g.It was showed that there was a significant positive relation between AVS and SRB.And the abundance of SRB at culturing area was more than at non-culturing area.It is sure that culturing activities have negative impact on environment in deposits according to the spatiotemporal patterns of AVS and SRB.