不均衡理论与对外直接投资要素流动

"组织不均衡成长"理论主要用于解释企业的成长问题,但依照这一理论延伸出来的"要素不均衡"概念可以很好地解释企业对外直接投资现象。本文选取七种要素作为分析对象,以投资国和受资国的市场环境,以企业投资动因和要素特征为影响因素,探讨了企业对外直接投资的要素流动。主要结论是:要素禀赋收敛于均衡状态是企业对外直接投资的原动力,而投资国及受资国的市场环境、不同的投资动因及要素本身特征,对企业对外直接投资的要素禀赋均衡效应均具有直接影响。

The unequilibrium theory of organization growth is mainly used to explain the firm growth problem,but the concept of factor unequilibrium can explain the phenomenon of foreign direct investment（FDI） very well.This paper takes seven factors as the objects of analysis,takes the market environment of investing country and accepting investment counrty and factors features of motives of enterprises as influencing factors,and discusses the factor movement of FDI,main conclusions are as follows： converging at equilibrium situation of factor endowment is the original motive of FDI,and market environment of home and host country,investment motives and factor features have direct impacts on equilibrium effect of factor endowment.