2009年中国8省(市)孕妇营养与健康状况结果分析

Nutrition and health status of pregnant women in 8 provinces in China

目的了解中国孕妇营养与健康基本状况。方法利用2009年八省(市)16县(市)开展的居民营养与健康监测数据,分析孕妇的营养与健康状况。结果孕妇平均年龄27.1岁,其中超过35岁的占6.3%。城市和农村孕妇服用过营养补充剂的比例分别占81.8%和57.8%(P<0.01),城市孕妇服用各种营养补充剂的比例均显著高于农村孕妇(p<0.01)。怀孕期间贫血患病率平均为14.0%,城市显著高于农村(P<0.05),主要为轻度贫血。孕期出现腓肠肌痉挛的比例平均为39.3%。城市和农村孕妇均存在蛋白质、维生素A、钙、铁等摄入量未达到推荐摄入量的问题,以钙缺乏最为突出。孕妇孕期自我保健知识主要来源于亲属、朋友、医疗机构、书报和电视,对城市孕妇而言,网络也是获得知识的重要途径。结论蛋白质和多种微量营养素不足是孕妇营养方面存在的突出问题。

Objective To investigate nutrition and health status of pregnant women in China.Methods 16 counties cities in 8 Provinces in China were selected to investigate nutrition and health information for pregnant women.Results The averaged age of pregnant women was 27.1 years old,and 6.3 percent of pregnant women are over 35 years old.The proportion rates of pregnant women who consumed supplements before or during pregnance accounted for 81.8% in city and 57.8% in rural（P 0.01）.Anaemia prevalence was 14% with significant difference between urban and rural,P 0.01.The rate of sural spasm during pregnancy was 39.3%.Low daily intakes of protein,retinol equivalence,calcium,iron were the major nutritional problem.Calcium deficiency was the leading problem.Pregnant women got health improvement kowlege mainly from relatives,friends,hospitals or medical centers,books and televisions,furthermore,internet was a main media for city women.Conclusion Low daily intakes of protein and micronutrients were major problems for pregnant women.