我国农业经营风险的特点和现状及管理对策

Study of Agricultural Management Risk Characteristics,Status and Risk Management Countermeasures

我国农业风险管理具有市场风险已成为农业的主要风险、农业保险的有效需求不足等特点;目前并无专门的农业风险管理机构、且重灾后补救而轻灾前预防、尚未建立真正意义上的农业技术风险管理机制等。由于农业风险管理受到观念、资金、人员、制度、信息和法制等因素制约,所以,应当大力开展农业风险管理的宣传、教育与普及;增强农业资源的综合抗御风险能力;形成农业保险为主、灾害救济为辅;建立农业技术风险管理体制、完善农业市场风险管理措施、保持农业长期稳定的基本制度。通过建立农业组织机构、利用金融衍生工具、建立农业风险基金、推动农业产业化经营等来防范和管理农业风险。

Agricultural risk management has the characteristics that the market risk has become the main risk and the agricultural insurance is insufficient effective demand.There is no special agricultural risk management institution,agricultural risk management after the poor let is remedial and pre-tribulation prevent lightly.There has not been set up in the true sense of agricultural technology risk management mechanism.Because agricultural risk management has the effect on the concepts,funds,personnel,system,information and legal factors,we should develop the agricultural risk management education and propaganda vigorously to enhance the ability of resisting and defending the comprehensive agricultural resources risk.Form the system of agricultural insurance primarily and relief services.We should establish the agriculture technology risk management system,improve agricultural market risk management measures for the farming the basic system of long-term stability.We can prevent and manage agricultural risk through the establishment agriculture organization,using financial derivatives,establishing agriculture risk fund,promoting agricultural industrialization management.