大麦单倍体细胞水平与植株水平耐低氮性的关系

Relationship on Low Nitrogen Tolerance between the Haploid Cell and Plant Level in Barely

为了确定大麦籽粒产量和苗期耐低氮能力与小孢子培养阶段的氮胁迫下愈伤组织产量之间是否存在一致性,以2份大麦基因型为供试材料,进行了以下3项研究:(1)培养基中水解干酪素和谷氨酰胺使用量对小孢子培养愈伤组织产量的影响;(2)营养液中NH4NO3不同添加量对大麦苗期生长量的影响;(3)盆栽时正常施氮与不施氮处理对大麦单株产量的影响。结果表明,培养基中氮含量的下降明显降低小孢子培养愈伤组织产量,2份基因型的降幅存在明显的差异;营养液中氮使用量的下降明显降低植株高度、主根长度和植株及根干重,2份基因型之间的降幅也存在明显的差异;盆栽时不施氮处理的大麦有效穗和单株产量低于正常施氮的对照,2份基因型间有差异。氮素胁迫下,2份基因型小孢子培养愈伤组织产量的相对值与苗期植株高度、茎叶干重、主根长度和根干重的相对值以及单株产量的相对值存在一致性,说明供试基因型小孢子水平与植株水平的耐低氮性存在相关性。

To find out that whether there was consistency on low nitrogen tolerance between the traits of the grain yield and seedling growth in plant level and the trait of callus production in microspore culture,two barley genotypes were used as donor materials in this study on 3 items,（1） the effects of the nitrogen resource of casein hydrolysate and glutamine on microspore culture,（2） the effects of NH4NO3 concentration on barley growth at seedlings stage,（3） the effects of nitrogen fertilizer on grain yield per plant.The results showed that the callus production was significantly reduced as the decline of casein hydrolysate and glutamine in medium,barley growth was obviously repressed as the decrease of NH4NO3 in nutrient solution,and the effective panicle number per plant and grain yield per plant in no nitrogen fertilizer treatment were lower than that in nitrogen fertilizer treatment.And there were differences in these reductions or repressions between these two genotypes.In addition,we found that the relative callus production was in accordance with relative plant height,relative shoot dry weight,relative main root length and relative root dry weight and relative yield per plant.So,it was suggested that the low nitrogen tolerance in microspore level was correlated with that in plant level.