低浓度饮水砷暴露大鼠体内各脏器组织中砷的分布

Organs Distribution of Arsenic in Rat Exposed to Low-Level Arsenic through Drinking Water

目的研究低浓度砷暴露大鼠体内各脏器组织中砷的分布情况。方法将32只健康成年清洁级Wistar大鼠随机分为4组,分别为对照(自来水)组和低(50μg/L)、中(150μg/L)、高(450μg/L)浓度亚砷酸钠染毒组,每组8只,雌雄各半。采用自由饮水方式进行染毒,连续染毒4周,每只大鼠每日饮水量约37 ml。染毒结束后,测定肝、肾、肺、心、脾及脑组织重量、脏器系数及砷含量。结果与对照组比较,第2周时低浓度亚砷酸钠染毒组大鼠体重较高,第4周时中、高浓度亚砷酸钠染毒组大鼠体重较低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。低、中浓度亚砷酸钠染毒组大鼠肝脏脏器系数高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各组大鼠肾、肺、心、脾、脑的脏器系数间比较,差异均无统计学意义。与对照组比较,高、中浓度亚砷酸钠染毒组大鼠心、肝、肺、脑组织和高、中、低浓度亚砷酸钠染毒组大鼠脾、肾组织中的砷含量较高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。且随着染砷浓度的增加,各脏器组织中的砷含量均呈上升趋势。相同浓度亚砷酸钠染毒组不同脏器中的砷含量不同,脾组织中砷含量最高,脑组织中砷含量最低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论低浓度砷暴露大鼠体内各脏器组织中均有砷蓄积,但分布并不均匀。

Objective To study the distribution of arsenic in certain important tissues （liver, kidney, lung, heart, spleen, brain ） of rats exposed to low-level arsenic. Methods Thirty-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups and were exposed to arsenic through drinking water at the doses of 50,150 and 450μg/L respectively for four consecutive weeks. The animals were sacrificed four weeks later, and the weight of liver, kidney, lung, heart, spleen and brain were measured, the organ coefficients were calculated and arsenic content in each organ was determined. Results Compared with the control, the body weight in middledose group was higher at the end of 2 weeks and the body weight in moderate and high-dose groups was lower at the end of 4 weeks （P〈0.05）. The liver organ coefficient in low and moderate-dose group were significantly higher than that in the control （P〈0.05）. No significant difference was seen in kidney, lung, heart, spleen and brain organ coefficients in different groups. Compared with the control, arsenic level in the heart, liver, lung and brain was higher in moderate and high-dose group. Arsenic level in the kidney and spleen in all three arsenic exposure groups were significantly higher than that in the control group （P〈0.05）. Arsenic contents in certain important tissues increased with arsenic exposure dose. There were significant differences in different organs in the same group, arsenic level in spleen was the highest and arsenic level in brain was the lowest （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Arsenic may accumulate in certain important organs of rats exposed to low-level arsenic, but the organs distribution of arsenic is not the same.