共混方法对PP/纳米SiO_2复合材料性能的影响

Effect of Mixture Techniques on the Properties of PP/Nano-SiO_2 Composites

分别采用溶液共混法、熔融共混法以及二阶共混法来制备PP/纳米SiO2复合材料,探讨了不同共混方法时,纳米SiO2含量对复合材料力学性能及微观结构的影响。结果表明,从纳米SiO2的分散来说,溶液共混最好、二阶共混次之、熔融共混最差;当纳米SiO2含量超过3%时,二阶共混法制备的复合材料具有复相结构;而纳米SiO2用量超过5%时,3种共混方法制备的复合材料都出现层状结构;因此,纳米SiO2含量为3%时的二阶共混法制备的复合材料既形成了复相结构又还未出现层状结构,其综合力学性能优异,拉伸强度提高了21.3%,断裂伸长率增加了27.6%,冲击强度提高了131.1%。

Solution, melt, and double-phase mixing technique were used to prepare PP/nano-SiO2 composites. The effect of mixing methodology and content of nano-SiO2 on the mechanical properties and microstructure of PP/nano-SiO2 composites was studied. It showed that the dispersion efficiency of nano- SiO2 was in the order of solution, double-phase, and melt mixing. When the content of nano-SiO2 exceed 3%, the composite based on double-phase mixing formed diphase structure. When the content of nano- SiO2 exceeded 5 %, all three methods produced layered structure, which was not good for mechanical properties. Therefore, the content of nano-SiO2 of 3%, and double-phase mixing were preferred, which caused the tensile strength increased by 21.3 %, the elongation at break increased by 27. 6%, and the impact strength increased by 131. 1 %.