啤酒花精油的超临界CO_2萃取工艺优化及其组成分析

Optimization of extracting process of essential oil from hop(Humulus lupulus L.)with supercritical CO_2 and analysis of composition

为了获得超临界CO2萃取"青岛大花"啤酒花精油的最适工艺参数,以干制"青岛大花"啤酒花为原料,以萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间为实验因子,采用正交实验设计筛选最佳工艺参数。结果表明,3个实验因素对"青岛大花"啤酒花精油得油率的影响大小依次为:萃取压力>萃取温度>萃取时间,萃取"青岛大花"啤酒花精油的最适工艺参数为萃取压力4×107Pa,萃取温度50℃,萃取时间为2h,在此条件下,"青岛大花"啤酒花精油的得油率为5.3%。最佳工艺制得啤酒花精油气相-质谱(GC/MS)分析结果显示:主要成分为月桂烯(40.37%),α-律草烯(9.12%),反式石竹烯(4.67%)。

The extraction of essential oil from ＂Qingdaodahua＂ hop was studied for the optimum technological parameters of the CO： super interface extraction. Three variables of the pressure, temperature and time were selected by the orthogonal experiment design.The results indicated that the effect order of three factors, pressure 〉 temperature 〉 time.The canonical analysis revealed that the optimal conditions for the extraction of essential oil from ＂Qingdaodahua＂ hop were： pressure 4 ×10^7pa, temperature 500（2 and time for 2 hours. Under optimal conditions,the yield of essential oil was 5.3%.The components of ＂Qingtaodahua＂ hop essential oil from the optimal technology were analyzed by GC/MS, the main ingredients for the fragrance was myrcene （40.37%）, α- caryophyllene （ 9.12 % ）, trans- caryop hyllene （ 4.67 % ）.