论民事诉讼举证责任分配——以真实案例为样本

Research on the Burden of Proof Allocation in Civil Suits

我国民事诉讼中以"谁主张,谁举证"为一般规则,以此奠定了举证责任分配的基本制度。基于公平原则,又设置了举证责任倒置和司法裁量的规定。举证责任倒置是针对举证责任分配的一般规则而言,是法律规定的倒置。司法裁量权是举证责任规定的有力补充,但常被滥用,限制人身自由权的民事案件应明确规定属于举证责任倒置范围内。

With the general rule of ＂The person who claims has the burden of proof.＂ in Civil Suits in China,it establishes the basic burden of proof allocation system.Based on the principle of equity,regulations like reverse onus and judicial discretion are set.Specifying to the general rule,reverse onus is a legal inversion.Judicial discretion is a forceful complementary to the regulation of burden of proof,while it is abused often.Civil suits which restrict human freedom should be included into the scope of using judicial discretion explicitly.